Edited by J T Williams, De Montfort University, UK
- reviews the principles, materials and requirements of cold weather apparel
- discusses design and ergonomic aspects including ventilation and insulation
- examines methods used to evaluate cold weather clothing as well as standards and legislation in practice
- assesses cold weather clothing applications incorporating military and footwear
- stimulates ideas for future innovation and improved end performance.
Cold weather can be a potential hazard to human health, adversely affecting physiological functions, work performance and wellbeing. Designing suitable apparel for cold environments is therefore a complex task. Textiles for cold weather apparel reviews the principles, materials and requirements of cold weather apparel and will stimulate ideas for future innovation and improved end performance.
The first part of the book covers the fundamental scientific issues and types of materials suitable for cold weather clothing. Topics include how to achieve comfort and thermoregulation in cold weather clothing as well as the use of coated and laminated fabrics. It also discusses design and ergonomic aspects such as designing for ventilation. Part two discusses ways of evaluating cold weather clothing, including standards and legislation governing cold weather clothing and laboratory assessments. Part three concludes with applications including cold weather apparel for the military and footwear for cold weather conditions.
With an array of international contributors, this book is a valuable reference for producers, manufacturers, retailers and all those wishing to improve and understand developments in cold weather apparel.
Published in association with The Textile Institute
ISBN 1 84569 411 2.
ISBN-13: 978 1 84569 411 1.
September 2009
432 pages 234 x 156mm hardback
£155.00 / US$265.00 / €185.00
Usually dispatched within 24 hours
Dr John Williams is a Senior Lecturer in the Textiles Engineering and Materials (TEAM) group, De Montfort University, UK. He has published numerous scientific papers and several book chapters dealing with protective clothing. Dr Williams has also presented numerous academic lectures internationally. He is a member of many groups including Euratex and TechniTex.
Titles which may also be of interest:
Textiles for protection
Clothing biosensory engineering
Materials in sports equipment
Materials in sports equipment
Textiles in sport
Contents
PART 1 MATERIAL AND DESIGN ISSUES IN COLD WEATHER CLOTHING
PART 2 EVALUATION AND CARE OF COLD WEATHER CLOTHING
PART 3 COLD WEATHER CLOTHING APPLICATIONS
PART 1 MATERIAL AND DESIGN ISSUES IN COLD WEATHER CLOTHING
Comfort and thermoregulatory requirements in cold weather clothing
R Rossi, Empa Materials Science and Technology, Switzerland
Introduction. Human thermoregulation in the cold. Clothing and comfort. Thermal and tactile comfort in the cold. New trends in thermoregulatory textiles for cold protection. References.
Thermal insulation properties of textiles and clothing
G Song, University of Alberta, Canada
Introduction. Thermal comfort. Heat transfer in fabrics. Moisture transport in fabrics. Fibre properties and thermal insulation. Yarn/fabric structure and thermal insulation. Predicting heat and moisture transfer in fabrics. Conclusions. References.
Assessing fabrics for cold weather apparel: the case of wool
R M Laing, University of Otago, New Zealand
Introduction. Developments and demonstration of efficacy of wool apparel. Summary and future trends. Sources of further information and advice. References.
Coating and laminating fabrics for cold weather apparel
R Lomax, Baxenden, a Chemtura Company, UK
Introduction. Historical aspects and evolution of the modern industry. Breathable membranes. Manufacture and properties of coated and laminated fabrics. Testing of coated and laminated fabrics. Environmental issues. Current applications. Future trends. Sources of further information and advice. References.
The use of smart materials in cold weather apparel
J Hu and M Babu, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
Introduction. Design requirements for cold weather clothing. Types of smart fibres and fabrics. The use of shape memory materials. The use of phase-change materials. Future trends. References.
Biomimetics and the design of outdoor clothing
V Kapsali, University of the Arts, UK
Introduction. Inspiration from nature. Biological paradigms for outdoor clothing. Future trends. Sources of further information and advice. References.
Designing for ventilation in cold weather apparel
N Ghaddar and K Ghali, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
Introduction: importance and function of ventilation in cold weather apparel. Water vapour transport through cold weather textiles at low temperatures. Layering the cold weather clothing. Mechanism of ventilation in cold weather. Factors affecting ventilation. Recommendations and advice on clothing design for ventilation. Future trends. References. Nomenclature.
Factors affecting the design of cold weather performance clothing
J Bougourd, University of the Arts London and J McCann, University of Wales, UK
Introduction. Traditional design development processes. Stages in the process. Case studies: motorcycling and climbing. Future trends. Acknowledgements. Sources of further information and advice. References.
PART 2 EVALUATION AND CARE OF COLD WEATHER CLOTHING
Standards and legislation governing cold weather clothing
H Mäkinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Finland
Introduction. Development of legislation and standards. Directives on personal protective equipment. European standards for cold protective clothing. Cold protective clothing standards outside Europe. Future trends. Sources of further information and advice. References.
Laboratory assessment of cold weather clothing
G Havenith, Loughborough University, UK
Introduction. Clothing properties relevant in cold. Material/fabric testing. Garment and ensemble testing: physical apparatus. Garment and ensemble testing: human subjects. Special applications. Future trends. References.
Evaluation of cold weather clothing using manikins
E A McCullough, Kansas State University, USA
Introduction. Manikin tests vs. fabric tests. Thermal manikins. Measuring the thermal resistance of cold weather clothing systems. Measuring the evaporative resistance of cold weather clothing systems. Moving manikins. Using manikins under transient conditions. Temperature ratings. Conclusions. References.
Human wear trials for cold weather protective clothing systems
I Holmer, Lund University, Sweden
Introduction. Types of human wear trials. Discussion. Sources of further information and advice. References.
Care and maintenance of cold weather protective clothing
N Kerr, J C Batcheller and E M Crown, The University of Alberta, Canada
Introduction. Home (domestic) laundering procedures. Professional textile care. Problem areas for maintenance of cold weather clothing. Care of cold weather clothing: case studies. New developments. Sources of further information and advice. References. Appendix A: Examples of home laundry detergents tailored for special purposes.
PART 3 COLD WEATHER CLOTHING APPLICATIONS
Cold weather clothing for military applications
R A Scott, Mirabeau, UK
Introduction. History of military cold weather operations. General military clothing requirements. Incompatibilities in combat clothing systems. Biomedical aspects of protective combat clothing. Underwear materials. Thermal insulation materials. Waterproof/water vapour permeable materials. Materials for current UK combat clothing systems. Military hand and footwear for cold climates. Research and development of future materials. References.
Protective clothing for cold workplace environments
I Holmer, Lund University, Sweden
Introduction. Directives and standards. Protection requirements. Clothing for cold protection. Sources of further information and advice. References.
Footwear for cold weather conditions
K Kuklane, Lund University, Sweden
Introduction. Criteria for cold protective footwear. Feet in cold. Foot and footwear related injuries in cold. Footwear insulation. The effect of moisture in the footwear. Design of cold protective footwear. Socks. References.
Gloves for protection from cold weather
P I Dole and T Vu-Khanh, École de Technologie Supérieure, Canada
Introduction: key issues of gloves in cold environments. Design, structure and materials used for hand protection in cold environments. Effect of cold temperatures on physical and mechanical properties of materials. Protection properties. Functionality and comfort. Applications/examples. Future trends. Sources of further information and advice. Acknowledgments. References.
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